CJI Surya Kant says law must balance procedure with compassion, human understanding

Chief Justice of India Justice Surya Kant on Monday underscored the enduring legacy of Professor (Dr) NR Madhava Menon, the visionary founder of India’s national law school movement.

Delivering the inaugural address at the second lecture in Prof Menon’s honour, Justice Kant said Prof Menon’s life’s work spanning legal education, legal aid, and criminal justice reforms was set on a singular conviction: that the law must be deeply connected to the people it serves.

Referring to the importance of the link between the legal profession and the academy, CJI Surya Kant said, “A memorial lecture is, in that sense, a promise to continue the conversations a great teacher left behind, and there was one he returned to all his life: why the law needs the academy at all.”

The answer, he said, is that a Court can only ever hear one life at a time. “Yet our judgments do not stay within the file; they go on working in people’s lives long after it is closed. A single order may award compensation to one victim of crime; ten thousand such orders, studied together, reveal whether our promise to victims is actually being kept. No single case is designed to show that larger picture; this is where scholarship becomes indispensable. “

It is the scholar who follows the victim beyond the courtroom, asking whether the compensation awarded is actually paid, whether a bereaved family receives the support it needs, and whether victims are truly heard, as Professor Menon always urged, said the CJI.

It is scholarship that gathers those ten thousand orders into one picture, and shows us whom our well-meant judgments may have left behind, said the CJI. “Research that is cut off from practice can lose touch with reality, and practice that never learns from research can slip into mere routine. The courtroom sees the case, while academia sees the pattern. And justice, if it is to be wise as well as correct, needs both.”

In alignment with this vision, the Supreme Court has recently initiated a monthly lecture series bridging the Bench, the Bar, and academicians, CJI Surya Kant said.

Referring to Justice Vikram Nath, the Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA), as the human face of the justice system, the CJI posed five foundational questions to guide judicial and professional practice:

  1. Defining Compassion: Clarifying that compassion is neither mere sympathy nor charity, but the disciplined effort to understand the complete human situation behind a case without letting reason harden into unfeeling procedure.
  2. Reaching the Invisible: Expanding judicial awareness to include “invisible victims,” such as survivors of gender-based violence, families of undertrials, and persons with disabilities whose voices often struggle to reach official records.
  3. Reforming Legal Process: Recognizing that justice is felt long before it is pronounced, and urging the system to ensure that legal procedures do not inadvertently traumatize litigants.
  4. The Ethical Practice of Law: Encouraging lawyers to counsel clients candidly during vulnerable times, avoid exploiting distress, and provide pro-bono assistance to those in need.
  5. Systemic Integration: Embedding compassion directly into institutional frameworks, from early-stage legal aid at police stations and child-friendly testimony spaces to writing judgments in clear, accessible languages.

Concluding his address, CJI Surya Kant said compassion remains the vital discipline ensuring that human dignity is not lost in the process that deals with both human stories and statutory text.

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